Soaker hoses are black and kind of rough on the surface because they are often made from recycled car tires. Water seeps or weeps out of millions of pores along the entire length of the hose, drip by drip. It waters the soil slowly preventing run-off. There is little or no evaporation into the air. The water seeps down into the soil in kind of an onion shape covering the area out 8 to 12 inches from the hose depending on the type of soil you have.
Also See
Drip or Soaker Watering Systems
Drip or Soaker System Accessories
Gilmour Soaker Hose
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GILMOUR 5/8 X 50' WEEPER HOSE
Designed to assure even, thorough and gentle water soaking. Water gently weeps through thousands of "pores" much like the old canvas soaker hoses - but more durable. Very flexible - can easily be positioned along flower beds, around plants, etc. Can be used above or below ground. Made of weather and wear-resistant vinyl with brass couplings.
Small Tree Soaker Hose By Fiskars
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This watering device is designed to water small trees and shrubs evenly and slowly. For more information see www.fiskars.com.