Propagation means to create a new plant from a plant already in your yard. Most yardeners would prefer to buy their new plants at the garden center, but in some cases, they might want to consider reproducing a few plants they particularly like. Maybe that geranium came from Grandmother's garden or an impatiens you have has a distinctive color not easily found at the store.
Propagation is not all that complicated but it requires some equipment and a good place for plants to grow.